This article by Lakshman and colleagues reviews continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion pumps, glucose monitoring devices and closed loop systems. Elaborating an intriguing history of the development of automated insulin delivery systems, it starts off with their invention back in 1963, when the equipment was the same size as an army backpack!

The development of control algorithms, including fuzzy logic controllers, might sound complicated, but interestingly they were invented in plain logic (based on the ‘fuzzy logic’ of insulin titration utilised by experienced diabetes practitioners). In more Gen Z terms, the DIY closed-loop movement, with the online collaboration of communities of diabetes patients (and their families) in the development of their own artificial pancreas system (#wearenotwaiting), would excite all of us on Twitter.

Overall, this article would attract present prescribers with a review of available technologies, scientists working in diabetes tech, and the nerd in all diabetologists looking inward to everyday practice.

Read the full article in Endocrine Connections 12 e230132 https://doi.org/10.1530/ec-23-0132